Camera

I want to buy a Nikon Digital Camera, and then fix a special type of lenses that can capture details of the iris. Which specifications do I need to mention? Is there anyone who specialized in Nikon cameras?

Any 100 year old camera can do that if the lens can focus closely enough.
Old triple extension bellows cameras were OK, with a shorter than normal focus lens attached to get very close focusing at large image scales.
This is a Thornton-Pickard, the Rolls Royce of triple extension cameras
http://randcollins.files.wordpress.com/2010/08/thornton-pickard-royal-ruby-triple-extension-camera-with-roller-blind-shutter.jpg

Remember physics at school?…the basic lens equation.
1/f = 1/v + 1/u
Change the object distance and you change the image distance
Magnification = image distance/object distance
M = v/u
At 1:1 image scale, the image to object distance is 4F.
That’s the film plane to the eyeball you want a picture of for example.
That 4F is 4x the focal length of the lens so to get 200mm working distance use a 50mm lens and for 400mm working distance use a 100mm lens for a same-size image.
http://drt3d.blogspot.com/2008/02/basic-lens-equation.html

Tubes or a bellows unit let you change the image distance so can focus closer…
It’s been very common in hosptal practice for well over 70 years to photograph eye defects, lesions and wounds etc..
I used my lovely old Exactas for that kind of stuff, and for close-ups of skin lesions etc and microscope work.
They were made long before auto features appeared on cameras and had no light meters. A separate light meter was used.
http://www.thecamerasite.net/01_SLR_Cameras/Pages/exacta.htm

That formula works for far away things too, even how big the Sun is on a photograph or how big a barn is on the film from two miles away using a particular lens and there is a geometrical way to do it too, and a quick way of converting angular sizes to image sizes.
http://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20110622083741AA3GZAm

Here is a photograph of an eye, which is easily done with any 35mm film camera or a digital camera having close-up facilities as mentioned.
http://www.telegraph.co.uk/health/8782723/Trial-begins-into-stem-cell-treatment-for-sight-loss.html
More photos
http://thechive.com/2008/12/01/a-closer-look-at-the-iris-21-photos/

Close-up lenses
You can use them on any camera but SLRs are best because then you have a focusing screen on the camera..
http://www.alanwood.net/photography/close-up-lenses.html

Extension tubes. You can get them for all interchangable lens cameras.
My Exacta cameras have extension tubes more than fifty years old.
http://www.toledo-bend.us/index.asp?ExtTube

Bellows
http://www.alanwood.net/photography/bellows.html

For lighting you need a high speed flash, thyrister controlled, for speed and conveience or you’ll have long exposure times for large scale images.
You must set a very small aperture to get enough depth of field at large image scales so the shutter speed must be longer to compensate or the flash exposure must be higher.
1/20 000 of a second is fast enough for the flash to catch the iris before the iris closes in response to the flash.
Set manual flash on the camera and adjust the flash output if it has one.
At that speed reciprocity failure comes in so you can’t trust built in flash meters…
.No more link space left here (10 max allowed ).
Look up reciprocity failure for film and digital.
You can use tissues to cover the flash and reduce the output which will also soften the light for good results, and using the flash on a cable instead of on the camera lets you change the flash to subject distance for more control..
Some flashguns have full power, 1/2. 1/4/ 1/8 etc
http://www.amazon.com/Vivitar-285HV-Auto-Professional-Flash/dp/B00004TVSP/ref=dp_cp_ob_p_title_0

I need 2 Canon EOS Rebel T3i Digital SLR Camera lenses. One lens that makes the background blurry, and a fish eye lens that doesn’t have the black parts on the side while I’m filming. Also, I heard some canon cameras only take photos but do not film. I have not bought the camera yet so I want to know if this camera takes photos AND videos or just videos.

For the "background blurry" effect, this is more of an in-camera technique than any specific lens. The faster the lens (the larger the aperture) and more telephoto it is, the more background blur it will have – if setup in the camera properly. There are many lenses that will do this.

Any lens that is f/2.8 or faster, or a telephoto lens above 100mm will work for this purpose – again when used properly.

I created this photo with a 200mm telephoto at f/5.6, so all you need is either a fast lens OR a telephoto lens:

http://www.caribbean-cruising.net/ports/aruba18.jpg

Nikon though does have a DC lens that has a decoupling (or de-focusing) element that assists in blurry backgrounds (as well as blurry foregrounds), but I am not sure if there is a Canon lens with the same feature.

The fisheye lens you want is a "diagonal fisheye". Circular fisheyes and the cheap add-on front lens fisheye filters produce the circle (with the black parts) you don’t want. A diagonal fisheye does not.

Circular fisheye:

http://www.sigmaphoto.com/client/images/productphotos/08142009_img_97451.jpg

Diagonal fisheye:

http://www.sigmaphoto.com/client/images/productphotos/bondi1.jpg

I was told that Nikon digital camera lenses are interchangeable with Nikon film camera lenses…the difference being that lenses made for the film cameras cost significantly less than those made for the digital cameras. Does anyone know if you this is true?

Yes…and no.
There’s a chart here to show what works….

http://www.nikonians.org/nikon/slr-lens.html

I am looking for affordable lenses for my Sony F3 Camera. It has a PL Lens Mount. Does anyone know of a good source for lenses that can be used with this camera?

http://www.keh.com/

I have ordered several used lenses and camera bodies from KEH, and have never been disappointed. They also have a fair rating system and a good return policy.

I’m working on a video interview of a very successful photojournalist; he mentions his favorite camera lenses and how he loves the "compaction" of the lens. I thought it may just mean the small convenient size of the lens piece itself, but it sounds like a technical quality of the lens that affects the photographic rendering.

I have heard of it in film developing techniques, but not in regards to a lens. Perhaps he refered to the compactness of the lens.

That would be a great follow up question to ask him. IE: "You mentioned how you love the compaction of a lens that you use. What do you mean by that? And how is it useful for the work you do?"

I keep on seeing camera’s say that they are compatible with "this line of lenses" or things like that. But i have an old 35mm non-digital camera and I have tons of different brands of lenses! So i was wondering if the camera’s now only work with the same brand lens, for instance Canon with Canon lenses or Nikon with Nikon lenses, etc.

No, there are still third party lens makers out there. SIgma, Tamron, and Tokina all make lenses for multiple mounts.

Even the lenses you have were not necessarily made by the company named on the lens… Sears is an example of a company that didn’t actually make lenses, they paid companies like Cosina to make them and put the Sears name on them. That still goes on as well.

Depending on the lens mount of your gear, it may be possible to use it directly on a modern DSLR, or it may require an adapter to do so. If you can use it directly (Pentax K or Nikon F) then all you need is a camera. If your lenses use any other mount, like Canon FD or any maker that no longer exists (Konika for instance) then you are better off just getting new stuff. Sucks to buy all new gear when you have perfectly good old gear, but that’s the breaks.

OK, now I’m 13 and for the past year I’ve always been buying computer parts, camera lenses and musical instruments. I mean I have an i7 PC but still not contented, a 600D with a somewhat decent kit lens but still want a better lens, a guitar and a small 5 octave keyboard but still want I bloody real piano.

What should I do to stop this? I can’t say why all of a sudden I want to save money but I really do for a good reason

please help me

Just sell all that stuff except for the things you absolutely cannot get rid of and give your money to an adult you trust to handle.

I just got a nikon D3100 camera and it came with 2 lenses:
18-55mm VR Zoom- NIKKOR
and
55-200 VR Zoom- NIKKOR

whats the difference between them and what instance would i use one and not the other?

Put each lens in turn onto the camera and look through the viewfinder whilst adjusting the zoom.

You will see that the 18-55 will let you fit wide views into the photo such as interiors and landscapes.
The 22-200 will bring distant objects closer.

The effect you see in the viewfinder will be the same in the photos

One of them is called: Sony film camera attachment VCR 16C
and a lens that is a Kowa prominar anamorphic 16-h 58141
How much are these worth?
are they anything of interest or are they just some lenses ?

$25 at most. These are film or video camera ttachments, little value in those

I have recently bought a Canon EOS 30 film camera and I wanted to buy more lenses but I’m not sure which ones to buy. I can use the same lenses as the digital Canon EOS versions?

You can use EF lenses on your film camera but not EF-S lenses.